Table of Contents
I have practiced medicine for over 30 years, spending nearly two decades as an Integrative Consultant Psychiatrist.
I have studied the intricate pathways of the human brain, prescribed medications, and guided patients through their darkest moments.
But my most profound education in pain did not come from a textbook or a research paper.
It came from my own body.
At 42 years old, I went from a man who frequented the gym six times a week to someone utterly incapacitated by chronic, unyielding back pain.1
My life derailed.
An MRI scan revealed a litany of diagnoses that seemed to seal my fate: degenerative disc disease, spinal stenosis, a herniated disc, and nerve root impingement.
It was, as the report suggested, “not a pretty picture”.1
The pain became my constant companion, a cruel warden in the prison my body had become.
I was trapped, alone, and desperate.
Like so many who suffer from chronic pain, I embarked on a frustrating pilgrimage for a cure.
I tried everything my medical training and the wider world of wellness had to offer: a cocktail of prescriptive drugs including strong opioid painkillers, multiple failed epidural injections, physiotherapy, lifestyle modifications, acupuncture, yoga, and chiropractic adjustments.1
Nothing helped.
In fact, the pain grew worse.
The final verdict from the top specialists in the country was a recommendation for major spinal surgery.1
It was a moment of profound fear and hopelessness, a precipice that forced me to question everything I thought I knew about pain.
It was only by abandoning the old, failed map of pain treatment that I found my way O.T. This is the story of that journey, a path from the depths of suffering to a life reclaimed, grounded in a revolutionary understanding of how pain truly works.
Part I: The Old Map That Leads Nowhere: Deconstructing the Failure of Conventional Pain Treatment
The conventional approach to pain, the very model I was trained in, is built on a simple, seemingly logical premise: find the physical problem and fix it.
But for millions suffering from chronic pain, this map consistently leads to a dead end, leaving them lost in a wilderness of persistent agony, emotional distress, and social isolation.
My own story is a testament to its failings.
The Biomedical Promise and Its Painful Reality
The traditional biomedical model operates like a detective story with a clear villain.
Pain is seen as directly proportional to tissue damage.3
An MRI showing a herniated disc or spinal stenosis is treated as the “smoking gun,” the definitive cause of the suffering.1
This model is seductive because it promises a straightforward solution: if we can fix the structural problem with a pill, an injection, or a scalpel, the pain should disappear.
My own experience, however, revealed the hollowness of this promise.
The treatments aimed at my “broken” spine failed spectacularly.1
This is a story echoed by countless patients who find that even when interventions “fix” the supposed issue, the pain remains.2
The reliance on medication is particularly fraught.
Opioids, often the first line of defense in the past, may provide short-term relief but are notoriously ineffective for long-term chronic pain and carry devastating risks of side effects, dependency, and overdose.4
Other common pain medications, like gabapentinoids, also come with a host of side effects including weight gain, cognitive problems, and their own risk of dependency.4
This exposes a fundamental flaw in the old map: the “Tyranny of the Scan.” An over-reliance on imaging like MRIs creates a powerful psychological trap.
When a patient is shown a “bad” scan, it can cement the belief that their body is permanently damaged and fragile.
This belief fosters fear, hypervigilance, and an avoidance of activity, which paradoxically can make the pain experience worse.
The scan, intended as a diagnostic tool, becomes a nocebo—an agent that causes harm because the patient believes it will.
This is compounded by the often-overlooked fact that many pain-free individuals have the same “abnormalities” on their scans, such as herniated discs or signs of degeneration.6
The scan is not an objective measure of pain; it is a piece of data that is frequently misinterpreted.
This misinterpretation fuels the core, fear-inducing belief that “pain equals damage” 8, a belief that acts as gasoline on the fire of chronic pain.
The Emotional Fallout: More Than Just a Feeling
The old map treats the mind and body as separate entities, viewing the emotional toll of pain as a mere secondary reaction.
This is a profound error.
Pain and emotion are not separate experiences; they are processed in overlapping regions of the brain, sharing the same neurochemical pathways.4
It is biochemically almost impossible to endure chronic pain without also experiencing a cascade of difficult emotions.
The statistics paint a grim picture of this connection.
Individuals with chronic pain are four times more likely to suffer from depression or anxiety than those who are pain-free.11
Studies show that anywhere from 30% to 45% of chronic pain patients also experience clinical depression.9
This creates a devastating, self-perpetuating cycle.
The relationship is bidirectional: chronic pain is a significant risk factor for developing depression, and pre-existing depression is a predictor for the development and worsening of chronic pain.9
You become trapped in a feedback loop where the pain fuels the despair, and the despair amplifies the pain.
This is more than just a bad mood.
Chronic pain is a thief.
It robs you of your ability to function at work and at home, it steals your hobbies, disrupts your sleep, and drains your energy.11
Over time, it can erode your very sense of self.
The inability to fulfill roles that were once central to your identity—as a parent, a partner, an employee, an athlete—leads to a profound sense of loss and a collapse in self-esteem.8
You are no longer living a life; you are existing with pain.12
The Social Disintegration: A Prison of One
Perhaps the cruelest aspect of chronic pain is the profound isolation it creates.
Because the suffering is often invisible to the outside world, it can lead to devastating misunderstandings.
Friends, family, and even doctors may struggle to comprehend the severity of the pain, leading to feelings of being disbelieved, dismissed, or judged.8
This experience naturally leads to social withdrawal.
You may begin to decline invitations out of fear of a pain flare-up, sheer exhaustion, or the simple fact that you can no longer participate in activities you once loved.13
This retreat from the world, while understandable, only deepens the cycle of suffering.
The resulting loneliness and isolation are potent triggers for depression, which in turn feeds the pain.14
The strain radiates outward, affecting the entire family system.
Intimate relationships can crumble under the weight of miscommunication, frustration, and a loss of physical intimacy.16
Partners often take on immense burdens, becoming caregivers and shouldering extra household and financial responsibilities, which can lead to their own stress, burnout, and health problems.18
The pain of one person becomes the pain of the family.
This reveals that social connection is not merely a “nice-to-have” for well-being; it is a critical, biological modulator of the pain experience.
Research demonstrates that poor social connectedness can directly amplify pain, and that social isolation is a predictor of worsening pain and disability over time.14
The brain interprets social isolation as a threat, which can keep the nervous system in the same state of high alert that perpetuates pain.
This reframes the problem entirely.
Social withdrawal is not just a sad consequence of pain; it is an active ingredient that maintains and intensifies it.
Therefore, any truly effective therapy cannot simply wait for the pain to subside before social life resumes.
It must treat the restoration of social roles and relationships as a primary therapeutic target, a direct means of down-regulating the brain’s threat response and, consequently, the pain itself.
Part II: The Epiphany: Discovering Pain is a Faulty Alarm, Not a Fire
For years, I was lost, following an old, tattered map that led me deeper into the wilderness of pain.
The turning point—the moment I found a new compass—came not in a clinic or a lab, but from a place of sheer desperation, with a book my wife found in a library.1
It was the work of Dr. John Sarno, and though my conventionally trained mind was skeptical, my suffering body was willing to listen.
It was here I first encountered the revolutionary idea that became my lifeline: the brain can generate severe, authentic, physical pain even in the absence of any ongoing tissue damage.
This is the world of neuroplastic, or primary, pain.1
The Analogy: My Brain’s Overactive Security System
To truly grasp this new paradigm, I developed an analogy that has since helped countless others understand their own experience.
Think of your body’s pain system as a home security system.
An initial injury—a real tissue-damaging event like a sprained ankle or, in my case, a back issue—is like a genuine break-in at your house.
The security alarm (pain) goes off loudly.
This is appropriate and incredibly helpful.
It screams, “Attention! There’s a problem here! Protect this area, be careful, and let it heal.”
After the break-in, you might become more cautious.
You might upgrade your security system, making it far more sensitive.
This is where the problem begins.
Now, the alarm doesn’t just go off for an actual intruder.
It starts blaring when a cat walks across the lawn, when the wind rattles a window, or sometimes for no discernible reason at all.
This is central sensitization.
My nervous system, after the initial “threat,” had learned to be hyper-vigilant.
The “volume on pain” was turned all the way up, making my brain and nervous system super-sensitive to normal, harmless sensations.21
The most destructive part of this process is how you react to the alarm.
Every time it goes off, you panic, thinking there’s another intruder.
You run around, check the locks, and feel a surge of fear.
This fearful reaction sends a powerful message back to the security system: “Good job! You were right to sound the alarm! There is danger everywhere, so stay on high alert!” This is the fear-pain cycle.
My fear of the pain sensations—my interpretation of them as evidence of more damage to my “broken” back—was the very thing reinforcing the faulty alarm, telling it to keep ringing.
This is a perfect, if tragic, example of the neuroscientific principle: “neurons that fire together, wire together.” My brain had practiced the pain pathway so many times that it had become an expert at creating pain.23
The Science Behind the Analogy: The Biopsychosocial-Neuroplastic Model
This analogy is not just a story; it is a simplified representation of a robust scientific framework known as the biopsychosocial model.
This model explains that pain is not a simple output of sensory nerves but a complex experience that emerges from a dynamic interaction between biological, psychological, and social factors.3
My own journey was a textbook case: a
biological trigger (my initial back problem), amplified by psychological factors (fear of re-injury, the belief that I was broken, stress), and reinforced by social factors (withdrawal from work and hobbies, isolation).
This model reframes the brain’s role entirely.
It is not a passive receiver of pain signals from the body, but the active command center that creates the experience of pain.
It integrates sensory input with all available data—emotions, beliefs, memories, social context—to decide whether to sound the danger alarm.10
The mechanism that allows this to happen is neuroplasticity: the brain’s remarkable ability to change its own structure and function in response to experience.21
Neuroplasticity is a double-edged sword.
It is the process by which the brain can
learn to be in chronic pain, strengthening and sensitizing pain pathways until they fire automatically (maladaptive plasticity).
But crucially, it is also the very mechanism that allows the brain to be retrained, to weaken those old pathways, and to unlearn the pain (adaptive plasticity).23
My old map told me I was stuck with a hardware problem.
The new map showed me it was a software problem, and software can be rewritten.
Table 1: Shifting Paradigms: From a Biomedical to a Biopsychosocial-Neuroplastic Model of Pain
This table summarizes the profound shift in understanding from the old map that trapped me to the new one that set me free.
| Characteristic | Old Map: Biomedical Model | New Map: Biopsychosocial-Neuroplastic Model |
| Source of Pain | Assumed to be 100% from tissue damage or structural problems in the body.3 | A complex interaction of biological, psychological, and social factors. Often, it’s a learned neural pathway in the brain.3 |
| Meaning of Sensation | Pain is a reliable indicator of physical harm. “More pain means more damage”.8 | Pain is a danger signal from the brain, which can be a false alarm. The sensation is real, but the danger it signals may not be.6 |
| Role of the Brain | A passive receiver and reporter of pain signals from the body. | The active command center that creates the experience of pain based on sensory input, emotions, beliefs, and context.10 |
| Role of Psychology | Psychological distress (anxiety, depression) is a secondary reaction to the physical pain.3 | Psychological factors (fear, catastrophizing, stress) are active ingredients that can generate, amplify, and perpetuate pain.9 |
| Primary Treatment Goal | “Fix” the body part. Eliminate the physical sensation through medication, injections, or surgery.31 | Retrain the brain. Change the brain’s interpretation of signals from dangerous to safe, thus deactivating the pain pathway.6 |
| Key Therapeutic Tools | Scalpels, needles, pills (opioids, anti-inflammatories).5 | Pain re-education, somatic tracking, safety reappraisal, mindfulness, emotional processing.33 |
Part III: The Rewiring Process: A Practical Guide to Disarming the Alarm
Understanding that my pain was a faulty alarm was the epiphany.
Learning how to disarm it was the process that gave me my life back.
This process, now formalized into a system called Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT), is not about managing pain or coping with it.
It is a targeted approach to unlearning it by leveraging the brain’s own capacity for change.
The New Toolkit: An Overview of Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT)
PRT is a system of psychological techniques designed to retrain the brain to accurately interpret signals from the body, thereby breaking the cycle of chronic pain.20
The goal is to eliminate the pain by targeting its root cause: a brain that has learned to misinterpret safe signals as dangerous.6
This journey begins with two non-negotiable prerequisites.
First, a thorough medical assessment by a knowledgeable physician is essential to rule out any true structural or disease-based cause that requires direct medical intervention (such as a tumor, fracture, or infection).
Second, the patient must receive a confident diagnosis of primary, or neuroplastic, pain.
This diagnosis is the foundation of safety upon which the entire rewiring process is built.6
Step 1: Pain Re-education: Learning the Alarm is Faulty
The first and most powerful step is education.
For me, simply learning that my severe pain could be generated by my brain—and was not a sign of ongoing damage to my spine—provided immediate and substantial relief.36
This knowledge is the antidote to fear.32
You can begin to apply this step by gathering personalized evidence that your own pain is neuroplastic.
Start to observe its behavior like a detective.
Does the pain move from one part of your body to another?37 Does it flare up when you are under stress or feeling anxious?38 Have you ever noticed that when you are completely absorbed in an activity you love, the pain temporarily vanishes?7 These are all powerful clues that the pain is being generated and modulated by the brain, not by a fixed structural problem in your body.
Step 2: Somatic Tracking: Listening to the Alarm with Curiosity, Not Fear
Once you have a foundation of knowledge, the core technique for retraining the brain is somatic tracking.
This is the practice of paying close attention to the physical sensations of pain, but with a radically different attitude: one of lightheartedness, curiosity, and neutrality, instead of the fear and panic that have become automatic.32
I would practice this daily.
When the familiar throbbing began in my back, instead of my usual internal monologue of “Oh no, here it comes, I’ve overdone it, my discs are grinding,” I would consciously shift my mindset.
I would say to myself, “Okay, there’s that sensation again.
Let’s get curious.
What does it actually feel like, without the story of damage? Is it hot or cool? Is it sharp or dull? Does it pulse or is it constant? Does it change or move when I focus on it?” The goal is to strip away the layer of fearful interpretation and simply observe the raw sensation.
This technique is far more than a simple mindfulness exercise.
It is a form of targeted exposure therapy.
In traditional exposure therapy for a phobia, a person is gradually exposed to the feared object (like a spider) in a safe context until the fear response is extinguished.
In chronic pain, the feared “object” is the physical sensation itself.
Somatic tracking is the act of turning towards that feared internal sensation, not away from it.35
By repeatedly “exposing” yourself to the sensation while simultaneously reinforcing a message of safety and curiosity, you are actively de-conditioning the brain’s automatic fear response.
This is a direct, powerful intervention that rewires the neural circuits that link the sensation to the alarm.6
Step 3: Safety Reappraisal: Actively Telling the Brain to Stand Down
After mindfully observing the sensation, the next step is to actively reframe its meaning.
This is called safety reappraisal.
It involves consciously sending messages of safety to your brain to contradict the old, learned danger signals.33
I would pair this with my somatic tracking.
After observing the sensation, I would affirm, “This is just a false alarm from my brain.
It’s an unpleasant sensation, but it’s not dangerous” or “My back is structurally sound and strong.
My brain is just generating a familiar but harmless pattern”.33
This step directly attacks the fear-pain cycle.
Each message of safety is a piece of new data that weakens the old pain pathway and helps build a new, non-painful one.
You are teaching the overactive security system that the cat on the lawn is not an intruder and it’s safe to stand down.
Step 4: Addressing Emotional Threats & Cultivating Positive Sensations
The brain’s alarm system is not just triggered by physical sensations; it is highly sensitive to emotional threats.
Chronic stress, unresolved anxiety, and even ingrained personality traits like perfectionism or “people-pleasing” can act as constant, low-level threats that keep the nervous system on high alert, making it more likely to produce pain.37
A crucial part of the process is identifying and processing these emotional triggers, often with the help of a therapist.35
Finally, the process is not just about reducing the negative; it is about amplifying the positive.
This involves intentionally seeking out and focusing on pleasant, positive, and safe sensations.35
This is a neuroplastic exercise in its own right.
When you consciously savor the warmth of a cup of tea, the feeling of a soft blanket against your skin, or the joy of listening to a favorite piece of music, you are not just “thinking positive.” You are actively strengthening non-pain neural pathways.
You are paving and widening new, pleasant “superhighways” in your brain that, with practice, will compete with and ultimately overtake the old, overgrown, and painful footpaths.21
Part IV: Life on the Other Side: Evidence, Hope, and a New Reality
The journey from the old map of pain to the new one may seem daunting, but the destination is real.
Recovery is not a myth.
It is a physiological possibility grounded in the brain’s ability to change.
My own life is a testament to this, and I am far from alone.
The evidence, both personal and scientific, is a powerful beacon of hope.
My Key Success Story: A Life Reclaimed
After years of being crippled by pain that doctors told me would require major surgery, I stand today, at 57, completely pill-free and pain-free.
I am not “managing” my pain; it is gone.
I am back to exercising six days a week, and I am mentally, emotionally, and physically stronger than I have ever been.1
This is not a remission; it is a recovery.
This personal transformation fundamentally reshaped my professional life.
It ignited a new mission: to bridge the chasm between the cutting-edge science of neuroplasticity and the lived experience of patients trapped in the outdated biomedical model.
I had to figure this out for myself, but my goal now is to ensure others do not have to walk that path alone.1
The Scientific Validation: The Landmark PRT Study
My story is not an isolated anecdote.
It is supported by rigorous scientific evidence.
A groundbreaking randomized controlled trial published in JAMA Psychiatry in 2021 tested the efficacy of Pain Reprocessing Therapy for chronic back pain.6
The results were nothing short of astonishing.
After just four weeks of PRT, an incredible 66% of patients were pain-free or nearly pain-free.
This stands in stark contrast to the 20% who saw similar results from a placebo injection and only 10% from usual medical care.
Most importantly, these gains were largely maintained at a one-year follow-up, demonstrating the durability of the treatment.6
The most compelling evidence came from functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans of the participants’ brains.
The scans provided objective, biological proof of the therapy’s effects.
In the PRT group, the brain regions associated with pain processing had significantly “quieted down” after treatment.
This confirmed that PRT physically changes how the brain processes pain.
The solution is not just “in your head”; the solution is quite literally in the brain.6
A Chorus of Success: Stories of Recovery
To truly understand the power of this approach, it is vital to hear the chorus of voices from those who have walked this path.
These stories demonstrate that this is not a fluke, but a predictable outcome when the principles are applied correctly.
- There is the story of Laura, who, after years of unexplained pains, realized her symptoms were not structural but were linked to stress, repressed emotions, and a tendency to be a “people-pleaser.” Through this work, she not only became pain-free but is now the fittest she has been in years.37
- There is the patient with chronic foot pain, whose podiatrist was baffled because scans showed his feet had completely recovered, yet the pain persisted. This highlights the classic disconnect between physical structure and the sensation of pain, a puzzle that was solved when he understood the role of his brain.37
- There is the young woman who suffered from chronic head pain and dizziness for so long that she had been out of work for four years. She felt she was a “lost cause,” her life consumed by fear and despair. After learning these principles, she is not only working again but is filled with joy and laughter, realizing, “I have the power to change my thinking and make positive changes myself”.37
These stories, and countless others like them, are the living proof that a different future is possible.7
They are a testament to the fact that you are not broken, and your pain is not a life sentence.
Conclusion: Your Path Out of the Forest
The journey through chronic pain can feel like being lost in a dark, dense forest with no map and no compass.
The central message of my story, and of the science that supports it, is this: chronic pain is very often not a life sentence dictated by a damaged body, but a reversible, learned pathway in the brain.
The goal, therefore, is not to simply manage the pain, but to unlearn it.
The most profound shift this new paradigm offers is the restoration of hope and agency.
You are not helpless.
Your brain has an incredible, innate capacity to change, and you possess the tools to guide that change.32
Recovery is possible.
If you are ready to find your own path out of the forest, here are the first steps you can take:
- Seek Knowledge: Arm yourself with information. Read the books and explore the resources that explain the science of neuroplastic pain, such as the works of Dr. John Sarno and Alan Gordon, whose book “The Way Out” formalizes many of these principles.1
- Get Assessed: It is vital to work with a knowledgeable healthcare provider to conduct a thorough medical evaluation. This will rule out any serious structural conditions and can provide you with the confident diagnosis of primary/neuroplastic pain that is the cornerstone of recovery.
- Find a Guide: This journey can be difficult to navigate alone. Seek out a certified PRT practitioner or a therapist trained in these specific techniques. The Pain Reprocessing Therapy Institute maintains a directory of certified providers who can offer expert guidance.33
- Start Gathering Your Evidence: Begin today to observe your pain through this new lens. Notice the patterns. Notice the inconsistencies. Every time your pain behaves in a way that doesn’t make structural sense, you are gathering evidence that it is a false alarm—and taking your first step toward disarming it.
The path requires commitment, courage, and a willingness to challenge long-held beliefs about your body and your pain.
But as someone who has walked it, I can tell you with absolute certainty that the freedom, joy, and reclaimed life waiting for you on the other side are worth every single step.
Works cited
- My Story (Wayne) | The Pain Recovery Program | Chronic Neuroplastic Pain Recovery | Mind Body Pain Management | Pain Reprocessing Therapy, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.thepainrecoveryprogram.com/blog/my-story-wayne
- Is it all in my head? Pain neuroscience in a nutshell – Brisbane Private Hospital, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://brisbaneprivatehospital.com.au/blog/it-all-my-head-pain-neuroscience-nutshell
- Evaluating Psychosocial Contributions to Chronic Pain Outcomes – PMC – PubMed Central, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6067990/
- Living with chronic pain | NHS inform, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/brain-nerves-and-spinal-cord/chronic-pain/living-with-chronic-pain/
- Solving Chronic Pain Isn’t Easy – National Safety Council, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.nsc.org/safety-first/solving-chronic-pain-isn-t-easy
- Pain Reprocessing Therapy — See How It Works – This Might Hurt, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.thismighthurtfilm.com/pain-reprocessing-therapy-prt
- Power over Pain – Aubrey’s Physical Therapy Success Story | Blog, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.therapeuticassociates.com/power-over-pain-aubreys-physical-therapy-success-story/
- The Emotional Impact of the Pain Experience – HSS, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.hss.edu/health-library/conditions-and-treatments/emotional-impact-pain-experience
- Pain and Psychology—A Reciprocal Relationship – PMC – PubMed Central, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5472077/
- Psychological Aspects of Chronic Musculoskeletal Pain – PMC – PubMed Central, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5061342/
- Chronic Pain and Mental Health, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://mhanational.org/resources/chronic-pain-and-mental-health/
- Chronic Pain: What It Is, Symptoms, Treatment & Management, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4798-chronic-pain
- Navigating the Emotional Challenges of Living with Chronic Pain – Island Rheumatology, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://islandrheumatology.com/navigating-the-emotional-challenges-of-living-with-chronic-pain/
- Beyond pain, distress, and disability: the importance of social outcomes in pain management research and practice – PMC, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8742845/
- Chronic Pain and Relationships – Northern Pain Centre, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.northernpaincentre.com.au/wellness/chronic-pain-relationships/chronic-pain-and-relationships/
- Chronic Pain or Illness: Relationships and Communication – Texas Neurology, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://texasneurology.com/assets/library/mayo-clinic-chronic-pain-or-illness-relationships-and-communication.pdf
- Chronic Pain How it Can Affect Your Relationships And What You Can Do About it, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://advancedphysicalmedicinepc.com/blog/chronic-pain-relationships/
- Mental and Physical Well-Being of Partners of People Living with Chronic Pain: A Narrative Review – MDPI, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/22/2/205
- Editorial: Pain and relationships – Frontiers, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/pain-research/articles/10.3389/fpain.2025.1563825/pdf
- Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT) | Break Free from Chronic Pain, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.painreprocessingtherapy.com/
- Neuroplasticity – what, why and how? – Northern Pain Centre, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.northernpaincentre.com.au/wellness/understanding-chronic-pain-2/neuroplasticity-what-why-and-how/
- Neuroplasticity – Pain Management – painHEALTH, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://painhealth.com.au/pain-module/neuroplasticity/
- Chronic Pain Therapy Grounded in Neuroplasticity – Paul Hansma, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://hansmalab.physics.ucsb.edu/index.php/chronic-pain-therapy-grounded-in-neuroplasticity/
- Neuroplasticity – Psychology Today, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/basics/neuroplasticity
- What is the biopsychosocial model of pain? – European Pain Federation, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://europeanpainfederation.eu/what-is-the-bio-psycho-social-model-of-pain/
- Integrated Approach to Chronic Pain—The Role of Psychosocial Factors and Multidisciplinary Treatment: A Narrative Review – MDPI, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/21/9/1135
- The Biopsychosocial Approach – MedCentral, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.medcentral.com/pain/chronic/biopsychosocial-approach
- Increasing Neuroplasticity to Bolster Chronic Pain Treatment: A Role for Intermittent Fasting and Glucose Administration? – PMC – PubMed Central, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4824292/
- Neuroplasticity in chronic pain: insights into diagnosis and treatment – PMC, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11965994/
- pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6067990/#:~:text=The%20biopsychosocial%20model%20shifts%20the,and%20conditioned%20responses%20that%20influence
- Coping with chronic pain – American Psychological Association, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.apa.org/topics/pain/chronic
- Understanding Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT): A New Approach, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://kpsychology.com/pain-reprocessing-therapy/
- How Pain Reprocessing Therapy Is Used to Treat Chronic Pain – GoodRx, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.goodrx.com/conditions/pain/pain-reprocessing-therapy-chronic-pain
- Explore The Efficacy Of Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT) For Chronic Pain | BetterHelp, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/therapy/healing-from-within-exploring-the-efficacy-of-pain-reprocessing-therapy/
- Pain Reprocessing Therapy (PRT): 5-Step Process, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://cam-therapies.co.uk/prt/pain-reprocessing-therapy-process/
- My Journey Through Chronic Pain: A Personal and Professional Story of Healing, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://gethelpisrael.com/blog/My-Journey-Through-Chronic-Pain:-A-personal-and-professional-story-of-healing
- Success stories | The Pain Recovery Program | Chronic Neuroplastic Pain Recovery | Mind Body Pain Management | Pain Reprocessing Therapy, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.thepainrecoveryprogram.com/success-stories
- Understanding the Psychological Toll of Living with Chronic Pain, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://southernpainclinic.com/blog/understanding-the-psychological-toll-of-living-with-chronic-pain/
- Chronic Pain and Mental Health – HelpGuide.org, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.helpguide.org/wellness/health-conditions/chronic-pain-and-mental-health
- Effect of Pain Reprocessing Therapy vs Placebo and Usual Care for Patients With Chronic Back Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial – PubMed Central, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8482298/
- How to Break the Cycle of Chronic Pain | Mass General Brigham, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.massgeneralbrigham.org/en/about/newsroom/articles/chronic-pain
- Pain Management Patient Stories – UPMC, accessed on August 11, 2025, https://www.upmc.com/services/pain-management/about/patient-stories
